<avr/boot.h>: Bootloader Support Utilities

---

Detailed Description

    #include <avr/io.h>
    #include <avr/boot.h>

The macros in this module provide a C language interface to the bootloader support functionality of certain AVR processors. These macros are designed to work with all sizes of flash memory.

Global interrupts are not automatically disabled for these macros. It is left up to the programmer to do this. See the code example below. Also see the processor datasheet for caveats on having global interrupts enabled during writing of the Flash.

Note:

Not all AVR processors provide bootloader support. See your processor datasheet to see if it provides bootloader support.

Todo:

From email with Marek: On smaller devices (all except ATmega64/128), __SPM_REG is in the I/O space, accessible with the shorter "in" and "out" instructions - since the boot loader has a limited size, this could be an important optimization.

API Usage Example

The following code shows typical usage of the boot API.

    #include <inttypes.h>
    #include <avr/interrupt.h>
    #include <avr/pgmspace.h>
    
    void boot_program_page (uint32_t page, uint8_t *buf)
    {
        uint16_t i;
        uint8_t sreg;

        // Disable interrupts.

        sreg = SREG;
        cli();
    
        eeprom_busy_wait ();

        boot_page_erase (page);
        boot_spm_busy_wait ();      // Wait until the memory is erased.

        for (i=0; i<SPM_PAGESIZE; i+=2)
        {
            // Set up little-endian word.

            uint16_t w = *buf++;
            w += (*buf++) << 8;
        
            boot_page_fill (page + i, w);
        }

        boot_page_write (page);     // Store buffer in flash page.
        boot_spm_busy_wait();       // Wait until the memory is written.

        // Reenable RWW-section again. We need this if we want to jump back
        // to the application after bootloading.

        boot_rww_enable ();

        // Re-enable interrupts (if they were ever enabled).

        SREG = sreg;
    }

Defines
#define	BOOTLOADER_SECTION   __attribute__ ((section (".bootloader")))
#define	boot_spm_interrupt_enable()   (__SPM_REG |= (uint8_t)_BV(SPMIE))
#define	boot_spm_interrupt_disable()   (__SPM_REG &= (uint8_t)~_BV(SPMIE))
#define	boot_is_spm_interrupt()   (__SPM_REG & (uint8_t)_BV(SPMIE))
#define	boot_rww_busy()   (__SPM_REG & (uint8_t)_BV(__COMMON_ASB))
#define	boot_spm_busy()   (__SPM_REG & (uint8_t)_BV(__SPM_ENABLE))
#define	boot_spm_busy_wait()   do{}while(boot_spm_busy())
#define	GET_LOW_FUSE_BITS   (0x0000)
#define	GET_LOCK_BITS   (0x0001)
#define	GET_EXTENDED_FUSE_BITS   (0x0002)
#define	GET_HIGH_FUSE_BITS   (0x0003)
#define	boot_lock_fuse_bits_get(address)
#define	boot_signature_byte_get(addr)
#define	boot_page_fill(address, data)   __boot_page_fill_normal(address, data)
#define	boot_page_erase(address)   __boot_page_erase_normal(address)
#define	boot_page_write(address)   __boot_page_write_normal(address)
#define	boot_rww_enable()   __boot_rww_enable()
#define	boot_lock_bits_set(lock_bits)   __boot_lock_bits_set(lock_bits)
#define	boot_page_fill_safe(address, data)
#define	boot_page_erase_safe(address)
#define	boot_page_write_safe(address)
#define	boot_rww_enable_safe()
#define	boot_lock_bits_set_safe(lock_bits)

---

Define Documentation

 

#define boot_is_spm_interrupt

(

)

(__SPM_REG & (uint8_t)_BV(SPMIE))

Check if the SPM interrupt is enabled.

#define boot_lock_bits_set

(

lock_bits

)

__boot_lock_bits_set(lock_bits)

Set the bootloader lock bits.

Parameters:

lock_bits

A mask of which Boot Loader Lock Bits to set.

Note:

In this context, a 'set bit' will be written to a zero value. Note also that only BLBxx bits can be programmed by this command.

For example, to disallow the SPM instruction from writing to the Boot Loader memory section of flash, you would use this macro as such:

    boot_lock_bits_set (_BV (BLB11));

Note:

Like any lock bits, the Boot Loader Lock Bits, once set, cannot be cleared again except by a chip erase which will in turn also erase the boot loader itself.

#define boot_lock_bits_set_safe

(

lock_bits

)

Value:

do { \
    boot_spm_busy_wait();                       \
    eeprom_busy_wait();                         \
    boot_lock_bits_set (lock_bits);             \
} while (0)

Same as boot_lock_bits_set() except waits for eeprom and spm operations to complete before setting the lock bits.

#define boot_lock_fuse_bits_get

(

address

)

Value:

(__extension__({                                           \
    uint8_t __result;                                      \
    __asm__ __volatile__                                   \
    (                                                      \
        "ldi r30, %3\n\t"                                  \
        "ldi r31, 0\n\t"                                   \
        "sts %1, %2\n\t"                                   \
        "lpm %0, Z\n\t"                                    \
        : "=r" (__result)                                  \
        : "i" (_SFR_MEM_ADDR(__SPM_REG)),                  \
          "r" ((uint8_t)__BOOT_LOCK_BITS_SET),             \
          "M" (address)                                    \
        : "r0", "r30", "r31"                               \
    );                                                     \
    __result;                                              \
}))

Read the lock or fuse bits at address.

Parameter address can be any of GET_LOW_FUSE_BITS, GET_LOCK_BITS, GET_EXTENDED_FUSE_BITS, or GET_HIGH_FUSE_BITS.

Note:

The lock and fuse bits returned are the physical values, i.e. a bit returned as 0 means the corresponding fuse or lock bit is programmed.

#define boot_page_erase

(

address

)

__boot_page_erase_normal(address)

Erase the flash page that contains address.

Note:

address is a byte address in flash, not a word address.

#define boot_page_erase_safe

(

address

)

Value:

do { \
    boot_spm_busy_wait();                       \
    eeprom_busy_wait();                         \
    boot_page_erase (address);                  \
} while (0)

Same as boot_page_erase() except it waits for eeprom and spm operations to complete before erasing the page.

#define boot_page_fill	(	address,
		data		)	__boot_page_fill_normal(address, data)

Fill the bootloader temporary page buffer for flash address with data word.

Note:

The address is a byte address. The data is a word. The AVR writes data to the buffer a word at a time, but addresses the buffer per byte! So, increment your address by 2 between calls, and send 2 data bytes in a word format! The LSB of the data is written to the lower address; the MSB of the data is written to the higher address.

#define boot_page_fill_safe	(	address,
		data		)

Value:

do { \
    boot_spm_busy_wait();                       \
    eeprom_busy_wait();                         \
    boot_page_fill(address, data);              \
} while (0)

Same as boot_page_fill() except it waits for eeprom and spm operations to complete before filling the page.

#define boot_page_write

(

address

)

__boot_page_write_normal(address)

Write the bootloader temporary page buffer to flash page that contains address.

Note:

address is a byte address in flash, not a word address.

#define boot_page_write_safe

(

address

)

Value:

do { \
    boot_spm_busy_wait();                       \
    eeprom_busy_wait();                         \
    boot_page_write (address);                  \
} while (0)

Same as boot_page_write() except it waits for eeprom and spm operations to complete before writing the page.

 

#define boot_rww_busy

(

)

(__SPM_REG & (uint8_t)_BV(__COMMON_ASB))

Check if the RWW section is busy.

 

#define boot_rww_enable

(

)

__boot_rww_enable()

Enable the Read-While-Write memory section.

 

#define boot_rww_enable_safe

(

)

Value:

do { \
    boot_spm_busy_wait();                       \
    eeprom_busy_wait();                         \
    boot_rww_enable();                          \
} while (0)

Same as boot_rww_enable() except waits for eeprom and spm operations to complete before enabling the RWW mameory.

#define boot_signature_byte_get

(

addr

)

Value:

(__extension__({                      \
      uint16_t __addr16 = (uint16_t)(addr);     \
      uint8_t __result;                         \
      __asm__ __volatile__                      \
      (                                         \
        "sts %1, %2\n\t"                        \
        "lpm %0, Z" "\n\t"                      \
        : "=r" (__result)                       \
        : "i" (_SFR_MEM_ADDR(__SPM_REG)),       \
          "r" ((uint8_t) __BOOT_SIGROW_READ),   \
          "z" (__addr16)                        \
      );                                        \
      __result;                                 \
}))

Read the Signature Row byte at address. For some MCU types, this function can also retrieve the factory-stored oscillator calibration bytes.

Parameter address can be 0-0x1f as documented by the datasheet.

Note:

The values are MCU type dependent.

 

#define boot_spm_busy

(

)

(__SPM_REG & (uint8_t)_BV(__SPM_ENABLE))

Check if the SPM instruction is busy.

 

#define boot_spm_busy_wait

(

)

do{}while(boot_spm_busy())

Wait while the SPM instruction is busy.

 

#define boot_spm_interrupt_disable

(

)

(__SPM_REG &= (uint8_t)~_BV(SPMIE))

Disable the SPM interrupt.

 

#define boot_spm_interrupt_enable

(

)

(__SPM_REG |= (uint8_t)_BV(SPMIE))

Enable the SPM interrupt.

#define BOOTLOADER_SECTION   __attribute__ ((section (".bootloader")))

Used to declare a function or variable to be placed into a new section called .bootloader. This section and its contents can then be relocated to any address (such as the bootloader NRWW area) at link-time.

#define GET_EXTENDED_FUSE_BITS   (0x0002)

address to read the extended fuse bits, using boot_lock_fuse_bits_get

#define GET_HIGH_FUSE_BITS   (0x0003)

address to read the high fuse bits, using boot_lock_fuse_bits_get

#define GET_LOCK_BITS   (0x0001)

address to read the lock bits, using boot_lock_fuse_bits_get

#define GET_LOW_FUSE_BITS   (0x0000)

address to read the low fuse bits, using boot_lock_fuse_bits_get